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Purpose Various physiological and psychological negative situations experienced by nurses as a result of COVID-19 pandemic have been shown to increase their perception of organizational difficulty and decrease their career commitment, thereby accelerating the turnover rate of nurses. Resilience and career adaptability have important influences on career commitment, so there is a need to evaluate the relationships between them and the underlying mechanisms.Patients and Methods: Using a cross-lagged design, the Career Adaptability Scale, the Chinese version of career commitment, and Davidson’s Resilience Scale as research methods, we studied 692 nursing students for two consecutive years to evaluate the relationship among career adaptability, resilience, and career commitment.Results Career adaptability at T1 substantially and positively predicts the career commitment at T2. Career adaptability and resilience are mutually predictive. No interaction is found between resilience and career commitment over time. There is a substantial difference in the cross-lagged relationship among career adaptability, resilience, and career commitment for low- and high-career interests.Conclusion Our results show the importance of developing career commitment early on. Developing career adaptability, enhancing resilience, and increasing career interest in nursing students might help to increase career commitment.
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COVID-19ABSTRACT
The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is a major agri-food export contributor within China. Growing quality requirements for agri-food export, increasing green trade barriers, and a desire to emphasize sustainable trade at regional levels have prompted Xinjiang to pay increased attention to agri-food export competitiveness. The paper uses the export sophistication index to investigate the overall and classificatory export competitiveness of Xinjiang's Agricultural Products (APs). The results are compared to the national average within China by calculating the relative export sophistication. The research finds that (1) Xinjiang's APs exports are predominant in medium and medium-low-sophistication products. Along with the expanding scale, its structure has been optimized overall. (2) Horticultural products keep a leading position, not having strong competitiveness in Xinjiang but also far exceeding the national average. However, the bulk APs, livestock products, aquatic products, beverages and tobacco, and other APs have no significant export competitiveness compared to the national average. (3) The export structure of Xinjiang's APs is highly concentrated in horticultural products, showing an adverse trend in export competitiveness distribution-';the strong getting stronger and the weak getting weaker,';and a slower upgrading than the national average since the outbreak of COVID-19, which requires the attention of policymakers.
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Of the patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), approximately 14–53% developed liver injury resulting in poor outcomes. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the primary cause of liver injury in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we elucidated liver injury mechanism induced by drugs of pharmacologic treatments against SARS-CoV-2 (DPTS) using bioinformatics and systems biology. Totally, 1209 genes directly related to 216 DPTS (DPTSGs) were genes encoding pharmacokinetics and therapeutic targets of DPTS and enriched in the pathways related to drug metabolism of CYP450s, pregnane X receptor (PXR), and COVID-19 adverse outcome. A network, constructed by 110 candidate targets which were the shared part of DPTSGs and 445 DILI targets, identified 49 key targets and four Molecular Complex Detection clusters. Enrichment results revealed that the 4 clusters were related to inflammatory responses, CYP450s regulated by PXR, NRF2-regualted oxidative stress, and HLA-related adaptive immunity respectively. In cluster 1, IL6, IL1B, TNF, and CCL2 of the top ten key targets were enriched in COVID-19 adverse outcomes pathway, indicating the exacerbation of COVID-19 inflammation on DILI. PXR-CYP3A4 expression of cluster 2 caused DILI through inflammation-drug interaction and drug-drug interactions among pharmaco-immunomodulatory agents, including tocilizumab, glucocorticoids (dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, and hydrocortisone), and ritonavir. NRF2 of cluster 3 and HLA targets of cluster four promoted DILI, being related to ritonavir/glucocorticoids and clavulanate/vancomycin. This study showed the pivotal role of PXR associated with inflammation-drug and drug-drug interactions on DILI and highlighted the cautious clinical decision-making for pharmacotherapy to avoid DILI in the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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Objective: To analyze a cluster outbreak of COVID-19 associated with exposure to a shopping mall in Jinan City, investigate the possible transmission chain, and provide reference for further prevention and control.
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Chinese minority traditional medicine is a traditional medicine formed during the long-term medical practice of various ethnic groups and is the crystallization of the wisdom of the people in all ethnic groups in China. The unique meaning carried by Chinese minority traditional medicine makes it an inseparable and important part of traditional Chinese medicine. The rich clinical experience and theoretical studies with different Chinese minority traditional medicine provide new ideas and new methods for Chinese medicine development. The pieces of literature published in 2020 on the traditional application analyzed the phytochemical composition, pharmacological effects, and mechanisms of the different ethnic groups including Tibetan, Mongolian, Zhuang, Dai, and Uyghur medicines, among others. This study found that some projects were stalled or delayed due to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in 2020 compared with 2019, resulting in a decrease in the number of articles in certain fields. However, studied on Chinese minority traditional medicine have shown an overall upward trend this year with the Tibetan, Mongolian, and Dai medicines as the top three. In addition, the Chinese minority traditional medicine application under the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic situation background was also summarized. Consequently, this study found that among the Chinese minority traditional medicine-related publications in 2020, publications using Chinese minority traditional medicine to treat coronavirus disease 2019 account for a certain percentage. Thus, this article systematically reviews and summarizes the related research of Chinese minority traditional medicine published in 2020 and provides references for future Chinese minority traditional medicine development.
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The recent emergence of new variants in the COVID-19 pandemic has led to new requirements for vaccines, with a focus on the capacity of vaccines to elicit high levels of neutralizing antibodies with specific recognition of S antigen variants based on the characterized vaccines licensed for use. A new strategy involving a heterologous vaccine composed of one or two doses of inactivated vaccine and a boost with the S1 protein with mutations (K-S) administered via the intradermal route was designed in this work and was found to improve immune efficacy by increasing neutralizing antibody titers and promoting specific T cell responses against 5 variants of the RBD peptide. A viral challenge test with the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant confirmed that the both schedules of “1+1” and “2+1” administration ensured a clinical protective effect against this strain. All of these results not only suggested the feasibility of our strategy for protecting against new variants but also provided a technical pathway to enhance the anamnestic immune response in the immunized population.
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COVID-19ABSTRACT
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to global research with the aim of predicting which people are at greatest risk of developing severe disease and dying. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the associations between obesity and the severity of and mortality due to COVID-19. Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases for studies evaluating the associations of obesity with COVID-19 . Odd risks (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random- or fixed-effects models. Results: Thirty-eight studies involving 621502 patients were included. Compared with nonobese patients, obese patients had a significantly increased risk of infection (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.45-7.03; I2 = 98.3%), hospitalization (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.61-1.95; I2 = 43.8%), clinically severe disease (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.99-4.16; I2 = 49.9%), mechanical ventilation (OR 1.66, 95% CI1.42-1.94; I2 = 41.3%), intensive care unit (ICU) (OR 2.06, 95% CI1.49-2.85; I2 = 71.4%), and mortality (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.18-1.85; I2 = 80.8%). Conclusion: Patients with obesity may have a greater risk of developing severe COVID-19 and dying. Therefore, it is important to increase awareness of these associations with obesity in COVID-19 patients.
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COVID-19 , von Willebrand Disease, Type 3 , ObesityABSTRACT
Background: Adolescents and young adults might play a key role in the worldwide spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), because they are more involved in overseas studying, business, working, and travelling. However, the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of them are still unknown. Methods: We collected data of 46 confirmed COVID-19 patients aged 10 to 35 years from the study hospital. The demographics, epidemiological, and clinical data were collected. Several key epidemiological parameters, the asymptomatic cases and transmission to their family members and the clinical characteristics at admission, and during treatment were summarized. RESULTS: Of 46 confirmed patients, 14 patients (47.3%) were aged from 10 to 24 years, and 24 (52.7%) patients were male. The mean incubation period for symptomatic cases was 6.6 days (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4 - 9.6). The median serial interval was 1.9 days (95% CI 0.4 - 6.2). Three of asymptomatic cases showed the transmission to their family members. Only 1 patient was identified as severe cases at admission. The common symptoms at admission were dry cough (34, 91.0%), and fever (29, 69.0%). Nearly 60% of the patients had showed ground-glass opacity by chest CT findings. Three patients developed acute kidney injury during treatment. Majority of patients (78.3%) were discharged by the end of the follow-up. Conclusions: The adolescent and young adult patients of COVID-19 had a long incubation period, and a short serial interval. The transmission to their family contactors occurred in asymptomatic cases. Few of the study patients have developed complications during treatment.